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Tangkuban Perahu
Tangkuban Perahu (spelt ''Tangkuban Parahu'' in the local Sundanese dialect) is a volcano 30 km north of the city of Bandung, the provincial capital of West Java, Indonesia. It erupted in 1826, 1829, 1842, 1846, 1896, 1910, 1926, 1929, 1952, 1957, 1961, 1965, 1967, 1969, 1983 and 2015. It is a popular tourist attraction where tourists can hike or ride to the edge of the crater to view the hot water springs and boiling mud up close, and buy eggs cooked on the hot surface.〔There are numerous tourist attractions in the mountains around Bandung, many of which are related to the interesting geology of the region. There are a number of volcanoes and volcanic craters close to Banding, such as the Kawah Putih crater lake around 50 km to the south.〕 This stratovolcano is on the island of Java and last erupted in 1983. Together with Mount Burangrang and Bukit Tunggul, those are remnants of the ancient Mount Sunda after the plinian eruption caused the Caldera to collapse.
In April 2005 the Directorate of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation raised an alert, forbidding visitors from going up the volcano. "Sensors on the slopes of the two mountains - Anak Krakatoa on the southern tip of Sumatra Island and Tangkuban Perahu in Java - picked up an increase in volcanic activity and a build up of gases, said government volcanologist Syamsul Rizal."〔(http://www.thejakartapost.com/detaillatestnews.asp?fileid=20050413185123&irec=1 ) ''thejakartapost.com''〕
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==Eruptive History==
A study conducted in 2001 determined that Tangkuban Perahu has erupted at least 30 times in the previous 40,750 years. Studies of the tephra layers within 3 km of the crater revealed that twenty one were minor eruptions and the remaining nine were major eruptions. The eruptions that occurred prior to approximately 10,000 years ago were magmatic/phreatomagmatic. The eruptions that occurred after 10,000 years ago were phreatic."〔Kartadinata, Okuno, Nakamura & Kobayashi, (Eruptive History of Tangkuban Perahu Volcano, West Java, Indonesia : A Preliminary Report ), Journal of Geography, 2001〕 The volcano erupted as recently as October 5, 2013.〔(Smithsonian Institution Global Volcanism Program )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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